The effect of Bulgarian propolis against Trypanosoma cruzi and during its interaction with host cells

Propolis has shown activity against pathogenic microorganisms that cause diseases in humans and animals. The ethanol (Et-Blg) and acetone (Ket-Blg) extracts from a Bulgarian propolis, with known chemical compositions, presented similar activity against tissue culture-derived amastigotes. The treatment of Trypanosoma cruzi-infected skeletal muscle cells with Et-Blg led to a decrease of infection and of the intracellular proliferation of amastigotes, while damage to the host cell was observed only at concentration 12.5 times higher than those affecting the parasite. Ultrastructural analysis of the effect of both extracts in epimastigotes revealed that the main targets were the mitochondrion and reservosomes. Et-Blg also affected the mitochondrion-kinetoplast complex in trypomastigotes, offering a potential target for chemotherapeutic agents.

Behavior in Mus musculus of Schistosoma mansoni from mollusks treated with hydrocortisone

Vinte camundongos foram expostos a cercárias oriundas de moluscos tratados com hidrocortisona e outros vinte receberam cercárias de moluscos não tratados. O comportamento dos parasitas dos dois grupos foi comparado com base na habilidade das cercárias em penetrar nos camundongos, no número total de vermes recuperados, após oito semanas de infecção, na relação entre o número de cercárias penetrantes e o número de vermes recuperados e o número de ovos nas fezes. O tratamento dos moluscos com hidrocortisona não alterou a habilidade das cercárias em penetrar nos camundongos nem afetou o número total de vermes recuperados. O número de vermes fêmeas, o número de vermes acasalados e o número de ovos nas fezes aumentaram em camundongos infectados por cercárias de moluscos tratados com hidrocortisona.

Morphogenetic derangements in the reproductive system of Bracon hebetor, a beneficial parasitoid, bred on juvenoid treated host (Corcyra cephalonica) larvae.

Effect of juvenoids (hydroprene and methoprene) on the ecto-parasite B. hebetor was investigated by rearing them upon the juvenoid treated ultimate instar host larvae of C. cephalonica. Emerged adultoid wasps of either sexes obtained from treated series showed anatomical deformities in the reproductive systems. Ill-developed ovaries with reduced length, terminally free ovarioles and abnormal testicular growth showing non-fusion of lobes were the important abnormal features. Data on measurements of male reproductive system, e.g., width (transverse axis) of testis, length of common vas deferens plus ejaculatory duct and length of accessory gland showed significant difference (P < 0.05) from control.

Relación parásito-hospedador en la interacción de protozoarios patógenos humanos con células de exudado peritoneal de ratones mediante la influencia del AM3 / Hosp-parasitc relationship in the interaction protozouns pathosemic to humans and peritoneal exudate cells of mouse under the influence of AM3

Estudiamos el efecto del inmunopotenciador AM3 ("Inmunoferon") en la interación de promastigotes de Leishmania Donovani con células de exudado peritoneal de ratones (cep) mediante dos tipos de experimentos: I) cep de ratones previamente tratados con AM3 y promastigotes de L. Donovani; 2) cep de ratones normales y promastigostes de L. Donovani mediante la acción de sobrenadantes de cultivos de esplenocitos procedentes de bazos de ratones pretatados con AM3. Observamos que el porcentaje de adhesión de los promastigotes a las cep es mayor en los grupos tratados, mientras que el porcentaje de macrófagos parasitados es menor en los tratados que en el control; las formas de división de los parásitos libres es casi nula en los tratados, mientras que el porcentaje de formas intermediarias de los parásitos flagelados se ven favorecidas por la acción del AM3, tales como divisiones celulares anómalas y alteraciones degenerativas en las estructuras que contienen DNA (núcleos y kinetoplastos), así como degeneraciones en el citoplasma del parásito

Impact of surface modifications of Acanthocheilonema viteae microfilariae on cell adhesion.

Exposure of A. viteae microfilariae to various lectins reduced their capacity to react with the peritoneal exudate cells of the host, Mastomys natalensis. Sugars corresponding to these lectins with the exception of N-acetyl glucosamine, did not affect the adhesion per se. They however, protected the parasite against the adverse effect of lectins. Neuraminidase and chitinase also suppressed adhesion capacity of the microfilariae. Except sodium dodecylsulphate which enhanced cell attachment, other surfactants inhibited this reaction considerably. The results indicate that antibody dependent adhesion of the microfilariae with the macrophages involves surface moieties of the parasite, where N-acetylglucosamine acts as the principal sugar residue. Participation of -SH groups also is inferred from the observations that p-chloromercuribenzoate and dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) inhibited cell attachment and dithiothreitol provided protection against these agents.